After Fall Constantinople at www.japanese-home-gardens.com

The fall of Constantinople is generally :koned as marking the end of the Middle ;es. Many of Constantinople's scholars d to the West, encouraging the revival learning and classical knowledge which known as the Renaissance. Le struggle for the throne between rival nilies of Edward Ill's descendants owes name to the badges of the warring fac-ns, a white rose for the house of York, and I for the house of Lancaster. The war began in 1455 when Richard, ike of York, challenged the right to the •one of the Lancastrian Henry VI, a pious t weak man, subject to bouts of insanity. :hard's son Edward became king in 1461; :nry regained the throne briefly in 1470.

Actually the revival of learning began at a much earlier epoch of the Middle Ages, as early as the beginning of the llth century, but it was not until after fall Constantinople the fall of Constantinople in 1453 that it reached its height; Greek Christian refugee scholars brought to Italy, France, and other Western lands their collections of ancient Greek manuscripts and the fruits of their own studies. The impetus given of the study of Greek classics in the West, neglected since the fall of the Roman Empire, was immediate and enduring.

At the Ecumenical Council of Constantinople (381) Gregory staunchly supported Gregory of Nazianzus. In a decree of July 30, 381, Emperor Theodosius named Gregory one of a group of nine bishops in the East and made communion with them the touchstone of orthodoxy. The last reference to Gregory dates from a council at Constantinople in 394. His feast is kept on March 9 in the West, and on January 10 in the East.