Arabesque Design at www.japanese-home-gardens.com

There were also other reasons for the elimination of wood-panelled walls. The introduction of coal as a fuel substitute for wood reduced the size of the fireplace and eliminated the necessity for lining walls with woodwork for purposes of insulation.^ With the development of railroading in the middle of the 19th century, coal could be easily transported * Toward the end of the Middle Ages, the increase of population in Europe and the growing scarcity of fuel as a result of the destruction of the available forests, caused the invention of the iron stove in the 15th century, and the Tile stoves of northern Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries. The former were cast and often bore reliefs of biblical scenes or armorial and arabesque designs. The latter were beautiful specimens of the ceramic arts, and the early ones show traces of Moorish design. Many are preserved in the museums at Oslo? Amsterdam, and elsewhere, treated in wood panelling of English design produces a vigorous and dignified effect.

Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, New York The Triennial looks at the breaking development and future horizons across the fields of design practice, from architecture, interiors, and landscape design to produce design, graphic design, and fashion.

Both cities have some of the best fashion and retail experiences, exceptional interiors and architecture, graphic and product design studios, and headquarters of the top design companies, all pushing the boundaries of design and technology. And it is from Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design in London and Domus Academy in Milan where some of the top designers have graduated, and whose ex-students and staff read like a who's who of contemporary design. In July 2006, you can make the most of both colleges by enrolling in a unique two or four week course in either fashion, graphic, interior or product design.