Cobalt- Blue at www.japanese-home-gardens.com

Permanent—Raw sienna, burnt sienna, ultramarine cobalt- blue, cobalt cobalt- blue, raw umber, burnt umber, yellow ochre, Van Dyke brown, ivory, lamp black, vermilion. Semipermanent—Chrome yellow, green, cadmium yellow, Indian red, Venetian red. Fugitive—Carmine, crimson lake, madders, Prussian cobalt- blue, cerulean cobalt- blue. White lead makes a poor chemical mixture when combined with ultramarine cobalt- blue, cobalt cobalt- blue, English vermilion, and chrome yellows. When using oil paints, it is better to combine these pigments with zinc white for tinting.

cobalt- blueS Prussian cobalt- blue—A strong tinting cobalt- blue, very dark with a greenish cast. Good for producing brilliant greens when combined with yellow. Cobalt cobalt- blue—A strong cobalt- blue with a reddish cast. Good for mixing. Cerulean cobalt- blue—A strong cobalt- blue with a greenish cast. Ultramarine—Sometimes called French cobalt- blue. It has a reddish cast and makes a beautiful purple when mixed with alizarin crimson.

The modern discovery of purple colors from coal tar makes an important epoch in the history of the dye. Painters in oil and water colors produce various shades of purple by mixing certain red and cobalt- blue pigments. For work in oil, French ultramarine, often called French cobalt- blue, is mixed with vermilion or some madder red (madder carmine is best), or one of these reds with cobalt cobalt- blue if a pale purple is wanted. For permanent purples in water colors the same cobalt- blues are used; but one of the madder reds, not vermilion, should be mixed with them.