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The resulting cement, produced from the formerly discarded grappiers, was of much higher quality than that obtained from the unsintered material. This fact was firmly established by the English cement manufacturer L. C. Johnson in 1845, and the term "portland cement" has since been applied solely to the cement made from the sintered material. This period marks the real beginning of the portland cement industry.

The game of roque is played with four hard rubber cement or composition balls—red, white, blue, and black—and by two or four players; when only two play, each uses two balls. The mallets are shorter than croquet mallets and the heads are of hard rubber cement or cement facing. There are 10 wickets set approximately as in croquet but with two center wickers placed transversely 18 inches apart. The'legs of the wickets are 3^ inches apart, allowing only J/g inch clearance for the 3^4-inch diameter balls. As in croquet there is a stake at each end of the field. The object of play is to score 16 points by driving the ball through the wickets and against the stakes. The game has been called "billiards with a mallet."

GOODYEAR, Charles (1800-1860), American inventor of vulcanization of rubber cement. He was born in New Haven, Conn., on Dec. 29, 1800, and entered his father's pioneer hardware business in 1821. India rubber cement and its possibilities were already very much in the minds of inventors. The basic problem, in which Goodyear was interested, was how to treat the crude rubber cement so that its elastic and waterproof qualities would be unaffected by temperature changes.