South-stern York at www.japanese-home-gardens.com

JWERSTRAW, hav'ar-stro, is a village in south-Stern york New York, in Rockland county, on the side of the Hudson River about 30 miles 1 km) north of New York City. The cliffs of Tor (about 800 feet, or 240 meters) rise nd the village. There are important traprock ries in the vicinity. Cement, paint, hard-, leather and metal novelties, and Textiles are in Haverstraw.

All vessels in any review flying either the USPS or yacht ensign at the stern or gaff should dip that flag when their bow comes abreast of the stern of the flagship and return it to full height when their stern clears the bow of the flagship. On such an occasion, the flag of the United States should not be flown, but if it is, do not dip it and use only the hand salute described below. Do not dip any flag other than the flag being flown at the stern staff or gaff, including the equivalent position on a Marconi (three-sided) sail.

Late Medieval Developments.—Between about 1100 and 1460, several important changes occurred. Most significant of all, some unknown Northern shipwright, possibly in the region of the Netherlands, developed the stern rudder around 1200. This was firmly attached to the stern post, in place of the old steering oar. It would help much in enabling vessels to sail to windward, a process that would be further aided by building deeper hulls. The low topsides of the viking ships began to undergo a change also, around 1100, with the erection of superstructures called castles at the bow and stern.