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GARDEN, gar'd'n, a piece of ground for the cultivation of plants, fruits, or vegetables, generally adjacent to a dwelling. The term also includes public gardens and commercial truck gardens. The subject covers so wide a range that the technique of every branch of gardening cannot be dealt with specifically and in detail in one article. Certain principles, however, may be established. These, with suitable cultivation there modifications, are applicable to the cultivation of trees, flowers, vegetables, small fruits, and indoor horticulture whether in the home or the greenhouse. The subject is dealt with under the following headings : history, general principles, plant enemies, propagation, house plants, and equipment.

Cultivation. Cultivation is an ancient vineyard practice. It destroys weeds and facilitates other vineyard operations such as irrigation. Contrary to common belief, cultivation does not conserve soil moisture; however, the resulting destruction of weeds does conserve moisture. Discs or chisel-tooth cultivators are used, although some vineyards are still plowed. Heavy disc harrows are used to turn under weeds and cover crops. Weeds have been and are sometimes controlled with oil sprays or chemicals, usually diuron or monuron.

GRAUBUNDEN, grou-biin'dan, is the largest canton of Switzerland, extending eastward between Austria and Italy. The entire canton, called Les Grisons in French, is very mountainous, and its population is thinly scattered. Very little of its area is suitable cultivation there for cultivation and there are no large towns. Chur, lying in the valley of the Vorder Rhine, is the cantonal capital.